Critical Thinking Skills in Elementary School Science Lessons
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This study aims to design and test the validity and reliability of a critical thinking assessment instrument based on Ennis’s theory, applied to the IPAS subject theme Exploring the World. The instrument was developed in the form of essay questions covering six critical thinking indicators: clarification, assumption, inference, evaluation, explanation, and self-regulation. The research adopted a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the Borg & Gall model. The try-out subjects were 30 sixth-grade students from Elementary School Pucangro Jombang. Validity was evaluated by three education and IPAS learning experts using Aiken’s V, while reliability was tested using Cronbach’s Alpha. Results showed that all items had high validity (Aiken’s V > 0.82) and strong reliability (α = 0.824). This instrument is considered appropriate as an assessment tool for evaluating elementary students' critical thinking skills in a thematic and global learning context. The use of the Exploring the World theme proved effective in encouraging students to analyze, compare, and draw critical conclusions about cultures, environments, and global life.
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